[1] We have constructed new apparent polar wander paths (APWPs) for major plates over the last 200 Myr. Updated kinematic models and selected paleomagnetic data allowed us to construct a master APWP. A persistent quadrupole moment on the order of 3% of the dipole over the last 200 Myr is suggested. Paleomagnetic and hot spot APW are compared, and a new determination of “true polar wander” (TPW) is derived.

Under the hypothesis of fixed Atlantic and Indian hot spots, we confirm that TPW is episodic, with periods of (quasi) standstill alternating with periods of faster TPW (in the Cretaceous). The typical duration of these periods is on the order of a few tens of millions of years with wander rates during fast tracks on the order of 30 to 50 km/Myr.

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A total TPW of some 30° is suggested for the last 200 Myr. We find no convincing evidence for episodes of superfast TPW such as proposed recently by a number of authors. Comparison over the last 130 Myr of TPW deduced from hot spot tracks and paleomagnetic data in the Indo‐Atlantic hemisphere with an independent determination for the Pacific plate supports the idea that, to first order, TPW is a truly global feature of Earth dynamics.

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Comparison with numerical modeling estimates of TPW shows that all current models still fail to some extent to account for the observed values of TPW velocity and for the succession of standstills and tracks which is observed. Introduction [2] Analysis of the fossil magnetization preserved in rocks is the basis for constraining such diverse geophysical problems as dynamo generation in the Earth's core, plate kinematics and paleogeographic reconstructions, and mantle dynamics leading to true polar wander (TPW). The second half of the twentieth century saw the advent and consolidation of plate tectonics: paleomagnetic measurements on lava and sediments coming mostly from continental areas or from hot spot volcanics demonstrated continental drift and could be blended into apparent polar wander paths (APWP); oceanographic exploration led to the discovery of seafloor spreading related magnetic anomalies and transform faults, allowing the construction of kinematic models for each individual ocean basin. APWPs and kinematic models were developed from the '60s to the '80s under the key assumption that, when averaged over a sufficient amount of time, in excess of a few thousand years, the Earth's magnetic field could be described accurately by an axial centered dipole.

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Of course, both types of largely ocean‐ and continent‐based data could not be independent. Over a decade ago, we proposed [;,, hereinafter referred to as BC91] to blend the two approaches and to use then available paleomagnetic data from North America (NAM), Africa (AFR), Eurasia (EUR) and India (IND) and kinematic models from the Indian, central Atlantic and North Atlantic oceans into a single “synthetic” APWP that could next be transferred to any desired plate.